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El Cóporo is a prehispanic archaeological site at the northern frontiers of the Mesoamerican cultural area, located at an elevation of 150 meters on the western slopes of the Santa Bárbara range (Sierra de Santa Bárbara), near the San José del Torreón community,〔INAH〕 and lies some due south of its municipal seat and largest township, on the northwestern corner of Guanajuato state, Mexico. The site is considered as one of the four most important archaeological sites in the state,〔 ''Cóporo'' is a Purépecha word meaning 'over the big road'. The site is named after the Cóporo hill, where it is located and the site is located at its peak, 156 meters high. The ceremonial and government center has been completed about 80 percent; around the center 29 smaller settlements were established on the slopes, the main occupation period occurred between 500-900 CE. The site's main occupation dates to the Late Classic and Early Postclassic eras of Mesoamerican chronology, and shows affinities with the Tunal Grande culture.〔 El Cóporo covers an area of approximately spread across the slopes and summit of Cerro del Cóporo, the hill after which the site is named. an estimated five percent of this area has been archaeologically excavated or investigated.〔 The ethnic groups that lived in this region are associated with cultures that developed in the San Luís Potosí, Jalisco, Zacatecas and Guanajuato States, and that a point in time, migrated to central México, where they joined other groups and participated in the development of the multi-ethnic Toltec society.” ==Background== For a long time Guanajuato is considered a region inhabited since times prehispanic times, only by native hunter-gatherers of the chichimeca with a semi nomadic culture way of life. During the late postclassical the chichimeca lived in the region, these lands were previously occupied by sedentary peoples integrated high Mesoamerican culture. Records of this civilization are scattered throughout the territory along the rivers, valleys, slopes and top of the hills. It is common for local historians to associate these vestiges of semi nomadic peoples, reinforcing old assumptions that Guanajuato was only inhabited by chichimecas; it is evident that in Guanajuato inhabited from remote times, various ethnic groups that maintained complex forms of partnerships.〔 The prehispanic period extends from the origin of the first settlers on the continent. During this long time men who inhabited Ocampo forged a culture with own identity and characteristics. The municipality of Ocampo was seat of men who bequeathed cultures and ways of life that were conditioned by geographical elements as well as influence form the great Mesoamerican cultures, particularly Teotihuacan and Toltec. These cultural samples had common characteristics to the cultures established in the Highlands, but the desert conditions barely allowed the development of groups semi nomadic hunters-gatherers. El Cóporo is recognized as a site with Chupícuaro cultural influences which flourished in the Bajío in parallel with the Teotihuacan culture.〔 It can be stated that the in Guanajuato State existed among other Nations; the Otomíes ("Chichimeca" ancestors) and Nahuatlacas.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「El Cóporo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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